Enzymes Automated Life

Enzymes are the natural tools for the automation of life, such as automated industry of today.
Charlie Chaplin as the boring pattern repeats of the human work of the people at this time in the industry criticized silent films, he never imagined that the specified individual steps of a task for an individual, the only remedy is for products of mass production in a satisfactory precision.
The boring feelings of pity Chaplin had gone and the exact series has been improved, withIndustrial automation.

Regulate in biological life, enzymes, an enormous number of biochemical reactions to modify their substrates into new metabolites, without them, be amended, quiet and smooth, while a much larger problem (the metabolism, which includes all manifestations of life) than in the finished Laboratory under extremely abnormal conditions, such as very high temperature and pressure. This they do under the same conditions, the daily lives of various organisms.

EachEnzyme molecule will change an accurate job (just a reaction of only one molecule of a substrate at a time) during their lifetime. This happens automatically when the substrate molecule is present, a not for enzymes to work to wait for nor does it require any specific requirements, but the normal (healthy) conditions. For this reason, the enzymes in all tissues and fluids are present in the body.

To build enzymes, so that they, with their automated job, nature selected accordProtein to its raw materials, as are proteins from amino acids, have the following characteristics:

1-Certain amino acids are water soluble and others are fat soluble, so that the enzyme can be formed different biological situations (only water-soluble sugars and fats are just lipid adjustment) dissolve.

2-amino-acid chemical structure of the molecule gives highly reactive functional groups, and they can easily be calculated when changing the pH (acidity of the figure describes aMedium, the higher the value, the more alkaline environment is, and vice versa, and it is) the most important regulatory factor in enzyme activity, in that they can under a variety of biological environmental changes (sugar and fats can not react automatically function in biology, and they should be submitted to enzymatic reactions, otherwise they would be a long time to have an effect present).

3-Physico-chemical properties of amino acids, enzymes can buy a huge numberspatial configuration with very small differences, which triggered a substrate molecule, but does not fit his image form.The Sterio chemistry of enzymes is the limiting factor in the securing of an automated life patterns in biology.

To enhance the accuracy of this specific spatial configuration that may be enzymes, vitamins or minerals set to get more flexibility on the dynamic nature to add an enzyme molecule. Recently it was found that enzyme RNA component (nucleotides may be attached) toForm of the ribozyme RNA regulates responses.
The degree of precision in Sterio chemistry of enzymes is an active center for the substrate that it fits exactly like the key in the lock, or gloves and hands, so that the right glove do not fit in the left hand.

To realize the value of the enzyme in our lives we can see some properties and effects of some enzymes, deletion of these effects or the lack of enzymes revised. Lack of an enzyme as a native of error results in some hereditaryDisease such as:

1-defective tyrosinase leads to albinism.
2-defective galactose-1-phosphate transferase Uridyl leads to galactosemia.
3-defective phenylalanine hydroxylase leads to Phenylketoneurea (PKU).
4-hexosaminidase defects leads to Tay-Sachs disease.

When the enzymes effect is intentional or not blocked, deleted its effects have serious implications on our lives, to name just a few examples:
1-The poison cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, whicheffectively blocked the automated cell respiration resulting in death.
2-None-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin act by inhibiting COX-1 and / or COX-2 that produce the inflammation messenger prostaglandin, thus suppressing pain and inflammation.
3-Some blood pressure medications act by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE inhibitors).
4-cholesterol-lowering drugs that by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-coenzyme A

We can work moreappreciate the value of enzymes, when you consider some of their implementations in our daily life needs, examples:
- Medicine: enzymes are of great value as diagnostic markers for certain diseases.

- Industrial applications of enzymes:
# Biological detergent: Proteases for clothes stains and amylase for dish washing.
# Baking industry: Fungal Amylases in rolls algae production.
Protease in biscuits industry.
# Baby food: trypsin.
# Brewing: BeerProduction.
# Fruit juices: Clarify fruit juices.
# Dairy industry: cheese (Roquefort, blue-veined cheese)
# Starch products: syrup and glucose - Low-calorie sweeteners.
# Rubber industry, the foam.
# Paper: sizing and coating paper.
# Photography industry: recovery of silver by dissolving gelatin.

Nature has chosen the right tools to ensure an automated pattern of life.

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